There are two types of sunscreen formulas: mineral (also known as physical blockers) and chemical. Although both protect your skin from the sun, the way they do that is very different.

“Sunblocks, or physical sunscreens, work by sitting on top of your skin to reflect UV rays, whereas chemical sunscreens sink into your skin to absorb UV rays and convert them into heat,” says Shereene Idriss, MD, a board-certified dermatologist in New York City. Chemical sunscreens also often include antioxidants that disarm free radicals—which cause UV-ray-based harm—and cut down damage to your skin cells. Their active ingredients can include filters like avobenzone, oxybenzone, and homosalate.

Aside from the “sunscreen” and “sunblock” label, you can tell what type of protection you’re getting by taking a peek at the ingredients label. If you see the sunscreen ingredients titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, you’re dealing with a physical sunblock. Derms say mineral blocks tend to be less irritating for sensitive skin. They also work immediately, and don’t require any downtime before you can go in the sun (chemical sunscreens, meanwhile, take about 20 or 30 minutes to start working properly). Physical blockers also tend to be thicker and more difficult to rub in. Chemical formulas have a history of being more user-friendly since they’re the easiest formula to apply and leave less of a white cast.



By Brigitt Earley

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